بررسی چسبندگی حق‎الزحمۀ حسابرسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری حسابداری، دانشکدۀ اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

مشکلات نمایندگی در نتیجۀ تضاد منافع میان مدیران و سهامداران ایجاد می­شود. در این میان، حسابرسی راهکاری کارآمد برای محدودکردن اختیارات مدیران در روابط قراردادی محسوب می­شود. هدف این نوشتار، بررسی چسبندگی و تغییرات کوتاه‎مدت و بلندمدت حق‎الزحمۀ حسابرسی است. به همین منظور، داده­های مربوط به شرکت­های پذیرفته‎شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران برای دورۀ زمانی 1387 تا 1391 استخراج شد. آزمون فرضیه‎های پژوهش به‎کمک مدل رگرسیونی داده­های ترکیبی انجام گرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان می­دهد که چسبندگی حق‎الزحمۀ حسابرسی از روند مشخصی تبعیت نمی­کند. به بیانی، در دوره­های چندساله تغییر می­کند و در دوره­های کوتاه‎مدت (معمولاً یک‎ساله) تغییرات مشهودی در حق‎الزحمه صورت نمی­گیرد. همچنین، نتایج حاکی از این است که مؤسسه‎های حسابرسی در سال­های اولیه، حق‎الزحمۀ درخواستی خود را تغییر نمی­دهند، ولی در سال­های بعدی با توجه به شناختی که از صاحبکار به‎دست می­آورند، اقدام به تعدیل حق‎الزحمه می­کنند. در نهایت، نتایج نشان‎دهندۀ این است که تغییر حسابرس، سبب نزدیک­تر شدن حق‎الزحمه‎های حسابرسی به مدل استاندارد می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Review Audit Fee Stickiness

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohsen Rashidi Baqhi
Ph.D. Candidate in Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Social Science, University of Shahid Chamran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Agency problems were created between managers and shareholders as a result of conflict of interest. Auditing is an efficient way to limit the authority of the directors in contractual relationship. In this paper, we investigate fluctuations and changes of short term and long term audit fees. For this purpose, the data of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the periods 2007 to 2012 were extracted. To test the hypotheses, the cross-sectional regression of the combined data was used. The results show that the stickiness of audit fees not follow a clear trend. In other words, it will be changed in a multi-year period and in short periods of time (usually annually) changes in the fee will not be visible. Also, the results show that the audit firm will not change their fee in the early year but, in subsequent years, adjust their fees according to the understanding of the client. Finally, the results indicate that auditor change resulted in audit fees closer to the standard model.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Audit Fee
  • fee stickiness
  • price behavior
Alavi, H., Robati, M. & Yusefi-Asl, F. (2012). Agency Problems and Audit Fees Further Tests of the Free Cash Flow Hypothesis. The Iranian accounting and auditing review. 19(2): 97-122. (in Persian)
Anderson, M. C., Banker, R. D. & Janakiraman, S. N. (2003). Are selling, general, and administrative costs “sticky”? Journal of Accounting Research, 41(1): 47-63.
Asthana, S. C. & Boone, J. P. (2012). Abnormal Audit Fee and Audit Quality. AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 31 (3): 1-22.
Ball, L. & Mankiw, N. G. (1994). A Sticky-Price Manifesto, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working paper, No. 4677. DOI: 10.3386/w4677.
Ben Ali, C. & Lesage, C. (2012). Audit pricing and nature of controlling shareholders: Evidence from France. China Journal of Accounting Research, 6 (1): 21–34.
Bhaduri, A. & Falkinger, J. (1990). Optimal price adjustment under imperfect information. European Economic Review, 34 (9): 41-52.
Casterella, J., Francis, J., Lewis, B. & Walker, P. (2004). Auditor industry specialization, client bargaining power, and audit pricing. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23 (1): 123-140.
Causholli, M., De Martinis, M., Hay, D. & Knechel, W. R. (2010). Audit Markets, Fees and Production: Towards an Integrated View of Empirical Audit Research. Journal of Accounting Literature, 29: 167-215.
Choi, J. H., Kim, C. F., Kim, J. B., Zang, Y. S. (2010). Audit office size, Audit quality and Audit pricing. Auditing: A Journal of practice & theory, 29 (1), 73-97.
Craswell A., Francis, J. & Taylor, S. (1995). Auditor brand name reputation and industry specialization. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 20 (3): 297-322.
De Angelo, L. E. (1981). Auditor independence, ‘low balling,’ and disclosure regulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3(2): 113-127.
De Villiers, C., Hay, D., Zhang, Z. (2014). Audit fee stickiness, Electronic copy, available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1771045.
Doogar, R., Sivadasan, P. & Solomon, I. (2010). The regulation of public company auditing: Evidence from the transition to AS5. Journal of Accounting Research, 48(4): 795-814.
Ettredge, M., Li, C. & Emeigh, E. (2011). Fee Pressure and Audit Quality. Working paper on SSRN, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1903860.
European Commission. (2010). Green paper: Audit policy: Lessons from the crisis. Brussels: European Commission.
Ferguson, A., Lennox, C. & Taylor, S. (2005). Audit Fee Rigidities in the Presence of Market Frictions: Evidence and Explanations. Working paper, University of New South Wales.
Francis, J.R. & Simon, D.T. (1987). A test of audit pricing in the small-client segment of the U.S. audit market. The Accounting Review, 62 (1): 145-157.
Ghosh, A. & Lustgarten, S. (2006). Pricing of initial audit engagements by large and small audit firms. Contemporary Accounting Research, 23(2): 333-368.
Hall, S., Walsh, M. & Yates, A. (2000). Are UK companies’ prices sticky? Oxford Economic Papers, 52(4): 25-46.
Hay, D. & Knechel, W. R. (2010). The Effects of Advertising and Solicitation on Audit Fees. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 29(1): 60-81.
Hoitash, R., Markelevich, A.J. & Barragato, C. A. (2007). Auditor Fees and Audit Quality. Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(8). Available at SSRN: http://ssrn. com/abstract=1025904.
Johnstone, K. M., Bedard, J. C. & Ettredge, M. L. (2004). The Effect of Competitive Bidding on Engagement Planning and Pricing. Contemporary Accounting Research, 21(1): 25–53.
Khodadadi, V. & Hajizadeh, S. (2011). Agency theory and independent audit fee: test of free cash flow hypotheses, financial accounting science, 1(2): 76-92. (in Persian)
Khodadadi, V., Ghorbani, R. Khansari, N. (2014). Investigating the effect of ownership structure on audit fee. The Iranian accounting and auditing review, 21(1): 57-71. (in Persian)
Martin, C. (1993). Price adjustment and market structure. Economics Letters, 41(1): 39-43.
Menon, K. & Williams, D. D. (2001). Long-term trends in audit fees. Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 20(1): 115-136.
Nikbakht, M. & Tanani, M. (2010). Examination of factors affecting audit fees of financial statements. financial accounting research, 2(4): 111-132. (in Persian)
Palmrose, Z.-V. (1989). The Relation of Audit Contract Type to Fees and Hours. Accounting Review, 64(3): 488-499.
Rajabi, R., Mohamadi Khashoee, H. (2008). Agency Costs and Audit Pricing. The Iranian accounting and auditing review, 53(3): 35-52. (in Persian)
Sajadi, S. & Zarei, R. (2006). The effect of audit firm and client characteristics on audit fees, the Iranian accounting and auditing review, 14 (3): 67-90.
(in Persian)
Senate, U.S. (1977). Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and Management of the Commission on Government Operations. The Accounting Establishment: A Staff Study. Washington DC. Government Printing Office.
Shapiro, C. (1983). Premiums for high quality products as returns to reputations, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 98 (4): 659-679.
Simunic, D. (1980). The pricing of audit services: theory and evidence, Journal of Accounting Research, 18 (1): 161-190.
Vaez, S., Ramazan Ahmadi, M. & Rashidi Baqhi, M. (2013). Impact of audit quality on audit fee in listed companies, financial accounting science, 3(1): 92-114. (in Persian)
Vaus, D. (2002). Analyzing social science data. (1st Ed.). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
XU, X., Wang, X., Han, N. (2013). Accounting Conservatism, Ultimate Ownership and Investment Efficiency, Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/ abstract=2103957.
Zbaracki, M. J., Ritson, M., Levy, D., Dutta, S. & Bergen, M. (2004). Managerial and customer costs of price adjustment: Direct evidence from industrial markets, Review of Economics and Statistics, 86 (2): 514-533.