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دکتر ایرج
نوروش
author
زهرا دیانتی
دیلمی
author
text
article
2003
per
We are flooded with an avalanche of financial reportings out of which certain research works have attempted to present a framework whereby the influence of culture on the accounting could be studied. Mac Kinnon , inspired by the social systems theory of Smith (1973 & 1976) concerning the accounting evolution, presented a theoretical model on the historical development of accounting systems in Japan in 1986. Two years later, Gray (1988), upon combining the cultural values explained by Hofsted and upon focusing on the four - dimensional
accounting values, presented another model that was widely acclaimed by researchers. After passage of fifteen years, this model is still used as a basis for research at an international level.
The Gray model which is an extended model of Hofsted , explains that accounting values can be taken as subsets of social values and thus they can emerge as a sketch (maquette) of broader social values in various financial reports and accounting standards. In other words, this model proves a scientific relationship between the cultural values and accounting performances.
The major aim of the present research is to experiment the Gray model in terms of cultural dimensions with accounting values in Iran.
To achieve this end, LISREL method has been used for it provides the possibility of using several observable variables to present and effectively measure hidden variables.
Statistical analysis indicates that the explicability of Gray model is weak in Iran. The reason is that accounting system in Iran has not evolved with a view to the needs of society but by the same token, it has many borrowings of methods and procedures which have been invented and experimented in the developed countries of the world.
Accounting and Auditing Review
University of Tehran
2645-8020
10
v.
3
no.
2003
https://acctgrev.ut.ac.ir/article_10441_c9b15ca267c290160fc21a91f277b116.pdf
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دکتر علی اصغر انواری
رستمی
author
سعید
فتحی
author
text
article
2003
per
This research conducts an analytical-comparative investigation of models used to appraise the customer’s credit and reputation. Despite the fact that models such as judgment methods, logical regression methods, recognition analytic methods as well as neural networks have been studied for this purpose, no single analytical-comparative review has so far been presented covering the characteristics, advantages, disadvantages usages, and the degree of success of such models. This article attempts to provide a comparative study in a manner that facilitates the logical and consistent design of measurement processes of credit ratings, customer’s reputatin for creditors and critical reviews.
A conclusion of the study of various models reflect contradictory results in terms of application superiority of such models and the comparative study comes up with four tables which may be served as an effective guideline to select and use the best models for credit ratings.
Accounting and Auditing Review
University of Tehran
2645-8020
10
v.
3
no.
2003
https://acctgrev.ut.ac.ir/article_10442_d378b50b370fcf7c0571fdc9fa83c9ed.pdf
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دکتر محمدحسین
قائمی
author
دکتر محمود
قیطاسوند
author
محمود
توجکلی
author
text
article
2003
per
Investors, creditors and financial analysts may be keen on collecting more information on the profit levelling of investment companies, above all, with regard to the risk and performance factors. Research on the profit levelling has been conducted by a large number of scholars (Dapouch and Drick, 1966- Gordon 1966 - Sarvy , 1966 - Rchibald and Sproos, 1967 - Ahmadi Badri , 1998- Ahmad Paripour, 2001). An investigation conducted by Michelson and his colleagues indicates that the profit levelling primarily affects the stock return of companies with a positive market atmosphere.
The outcome has proved that levelling will not affect the abnormal returns of companies whilst industry-cum-levelling has been effective on such returns. By extension, it can be concluded that levelling-cum-capital increase will act as an effective factor on the abnormal returns of companies accepted at Tehran Stock Exchange. The assessment shows a weak position.
Accounting and Auditing Review
University of Tehran
2645-8020
10
v.
3
no.
2003
https://acctgrev.ut.ac.ir/article_10443_4202e4b30a263c76cb55a4f9a3d80981.pdf
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دکتر سید حسین
سجادی
author
لادن
ناصح
author
text
article
2003
per
The major aim of this research is to study the viewpoints of the meanagers of the companies accepted at Tehran Stock Exchange on the effectiveness of certified auditing of financial statements. The managers of these companies are of the opinion that independent auditing will be effective in the detection and reduction of illicit acts and offences as well as the exercise of precise appraisal of bases used in accounting estimates. But such auditing will not serve for the purpose of improving internal control system, reducing the likelihood of errors omission, fraud as well as introducing a basis to gauge the concept of operation continuity in an economic concern.
Accounting and Auditing Review
University of Tehran
2645-8020
10
v.
3
no.
2003
https://acctgrev.ut.ac.ir/article_10444_e8eea7d91047ce9c3565f9feffa097f3.pdf
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دکتر غلامرضا اسلامی
بیدگلی
author
حسین
زارعی
author
text
article
2003
per
This empirical study has been done with the aim of developing auditing knowledge and the efficiency of its operations when using the statistical analytical procedures.
In this research, eight alternative models have been evaluated, including five regression models, one time-series model (census X-11) and two nonstatistical models (martingale and sub martingale). Both financial and nonfinancial data were collected from a sample of petrochemical companies for the period of March 1998 through March 2001. The information was used to predict sales revenue and production costs in account balances.
According to the results, regression models have better performance for predicting account balances in performing analytical auditing procedures in comparison with other models.
Logarthmic regression has been evaluated as the best statistical analytical procedure. The a foresaid procedure has a constant performance in sample companies of the industry. In performing statistical-analytical procedure, monthly models perform better
than seasonal ones. Pooled models have a better ability for prediction than single company models.
Furthermore, the resuets of this research show incremental benefits of using non-financial variables in performing statistical analytical procedures in auditing.
Accounting and Auditing Review
University of Tehran
2645-8020
10
v.
3
no.
2003
https://acctgrev.ut.ac.ir/article_10445_0aa8d94e7db92a1a8856cd7634a3059c.pdf
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دکتر ساسان
مهرانی
author
کاوه
مهرانی
author
text
article
2003
per
Each day thousands of investors take the risk of investing their money in a highly volatile and unknown market with the hope of increasing their capital Investment in a such a market is a risky undertaking for some investors may lose their funds and some others gain benefits. Under such circumstances, it is vitally important to identify the risks and study all related angles to reduce them for investment. One dimension of the risk and problem recognition is the nature of companies’ activities. The active companies of the Tehran Stock Exchange are involved with four types of markets; capital market, products market, money market and production forces market. Assessment of the managers’ Performance appraisal is in direct relationship with a company’s performance in the products market. The company’s performance in the products market is subject to the life cycles of the industry, goods, type and quality of products, nature of activity and the like.
Each group has a different interpretation of the financial
statements to prove the success of a special area of activity in the Stock Exchange. One of the criteria employed for this purpose is the success of financial ratios. There are over 320 companies in the Tehran Market with a classification of 70 different types of activities.
The present research, which has been conducted within a period of two years by using the regression method and Techniques, examines the relationship between stock return and profitable ratios in various areas of activities. The outcome implies that some ratios such as the returns of assets and of shareholders’ rights have meaningful relationship with stock return. By contrast, the criteria like interest growth and sales growth will not satisfactorily explain the stock return.
Accounting and Auditing Review
University of Tehran
2645-8020
10
v.
3
no.
2003
https://acctgrev.ut.ac.ir/article_10446_45de3933ced639c7a6bb05267001b1ea.pdf